V2EX enthalpy change

Enthalpy Change

释义 Definition

焓变:在恒压条件下,体系从初态到终态的焓(enthalpy, H)的变化量,常用 ΔH 表示。焓变通常用来描述反应或过程的吸热/放热情况:ΔH < 0 表示放热,ΔH > 0 表示吸热。(在热化学中还有其他类型的焓变,如生成焓变、燃烧焓变等。)

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/nθlpi tend/

例句 Examples

Enthalpy change is often written as ΔH.
焓变通常写作 ΔH。

The enthalpy change of the reaction depends on the states of the reactants and products, so it must be measured under clearly defined conditions.
反应的焓变取决于反应物和生成物的状态,因此必须在明确规定的条件下测量。

词源 Etymology

enthalpy 来自希腊语词根 en-(“在……之内”)与 thalpein(“加热”)相关,20 世纪初在热力学中被引入,用于表示与“热含量”有关的状态函数;change 来自古法语/拉丁语体系,表示“变化、改变”。合起来 enthalpy change 就是“焓的变化”。

相关词 Related Words

文学与著作中的用例 Literary Works

  • Physical Chemistry(Peter Atkins & Julio de Paula):在热力学章节中频繁使用 enthalpy change (ΔH) 讨论反应热与状态函数。
  • Chemical Thermodynamics(Ira N. Levine):用 enthalpy change 系统阐述恒压过程、热化学与相变的能量变化。
  • Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach(Yunus A. engel & Michael A. Boles):在工程热力学语境中以 enthalpy change 描述流动过程与能量方程。
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